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How to Test Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut Oil)

Miglyol is a trade name for a type of fractionated coconut oil, which is a highly refined version of coconut oil. It is commonly used as a carrier oil or base oil in the cosmetic and personal care industry due to its stable, long-lasting, and non-greasy properties How to Test Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut Oil).

Testing of Miglyol typically involves evaluating its chemical composition, physical properties, and performance in various applications. Some common tests include:
Refractive index: This measures the speed at which light passes through a substance and is used to determine its purity.
Acid value: This measures the amount of free fatty acids in the oil and is used to determine its freshness and stability.
Iodine value: This measures the amount of unsaturation in the oil and is used to determine its suitability for use in cosmetics and personal care products.
Peroxide value: This measures the amount of oxidation in the oil and is used to determine its freshness and stability.
Appearance and odor: This is a visual and olfactory evaluation of the oil, used to determine its quality and suitability for use in cosmetics and personal care products.

These tests are typically performed by qualified laboratories and the results are used to determine the quality and suitability of Miglyol for various applications.

Purpose

To ensure the quality of incoming raw material of Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut Oil).

Scope

2.1 It is applicable for the analysis of Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut Oil) in the quality control department.

Responsibility

  1. Quality Control Manager
  2. Assist. Q.C. Manager
  3. Q.C Analyst

Abbreviations

  1. SAP: Standard Analytical Procedure
  2. QC: Quality control

Procedure

How to Test Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut Oil)

Equipments/Apparatus

  • Glassware
  • Analytical balance
  • Pycnometer
  • Burette
  • Iodine flask
  • Reflux condenser
  • refractometer

Chemicals

  • Distilled Water
  • Alcohol 96 %
  • Chloroform
  • Ether
  • Carbon tetrachloride
  • Glacial acetic acid

Reagents

  • Potassium Hydroxide 0.1M
  • Phenolphthalein Solution
  • Potassium Iodide Solution (Dilute & Saturated)
  • Sodium Thiosulphate 0.1M VS And 0.01M VS
  • Potassium Hydroxide Ethanolic 0.5M VS
  • Hydrochloric Acid 0.5M
  • Sodium Thiosulphate 0.1M & 0.01M
  • Starch Mucilage
  • Physical Analysis

Test of Physical Form:

Check the sample and confirm its physical form; it should be clear liquid.

Test of Colour:

Confirm the colour of the material by comparing with standard; it should be almost colorless or slightly yellowish.

Test of odour:

Spread 5 ml of liquid in a glass beaker of 30 ml and stay for 15 minutes, note its odour. It should be almost odourless.

Test of Solubility:

Practically insoluble in water. Miscible with ethanol 96%, chloroform and ether.

Refractive index:

Cool the liquid at 20oC and check its refractive index using Refractometer, with reference to water at 20oC.
It should be 1.440 – 1.452

Weight per ml:

Weigh a dry Pycnometer (X g)
Fill water in Pycnometer (Y g)
Dry and fill the same Pycnometer with liquid and weigh (Z g). The temperature of water and liquid should be 20oC.

Calculation:
Weight of Water = Y – X = P gm
Weight of Liquid = Z – X = Q gm
P
Capacity of Pycnometer = ————- = C
0.099718
Q
Weight per ml of liquid = ———-x100
C
It should be 0.930 to 0.960 g.

Chemical Analysis:

Identification Test of Miglyol (Fractionated Coconut oil):

Refractive Index:

Complies with the step of Physical Analysis.
It should be 1.440 – 1.452.

Weight per ml:

Complies with the step F of Physical Analysis.
It should be 0.930 to 0.960 gm.

Acid Value:

Weigh 10 gm of sample, add 50 ml of a mixture of equal volume of ethanol (96%) and ether (i.e. 1:1) that has been neutralized with 0.1M potassium hydroxide using 0.5 ml of phenolphthalein solution R1 as indicator.

When the substance has completely coloured Titrate with 0.1M Potassium Hydroxide VS, shaking constantly until a pink colour persists for at least 15 seconds.

Calculations:
5.610
Acid value = —————- x V
W
V = Volume of Potassium Hydroxide in ml
W = Weight of substance in gm

It should be not more than 0.2.

Iodine Value:

Iodine Monochloride Method:

Dissolve 20 g of substance in 10 ml of carbon tetrachloride in a dry iodine flask. Add 20 ml of Iodine Monochloride Solution, insert the stopper previously moistened with dilute potassium iodide solution, and allow to stand in dark at 15oC to 25oC for 30 minutes.
Place 15 ml of dilute potassium iodide solution in the top cup, carefully remove the stopper, rinse the stopper and side of the flask with 100 ml of water, shake and titrate with 0.1 M Sodium Thiosulphate VS using starch mucilage, added towards the end of the titration, as indicator.

At the same time carry out the operation in exactly same manner, but without substance being examined.

Calculation:
1.269
Iodine Value = —————–x V
W

V = Volume difference in ml obtained by subtracting the volume of Sodium Thiosulphate used for sample from the volume of Sodium Thioslphate used for blank.
W = weight of substance in gm.

Note: If iodine value is more than half absorbed, repeat the substance using less quantity.

It should be not more than 1.

Saponification value:

Dissolve 7.5 gm of potassium hydroxide in 4 ml of distilled water and add sufficient amount of ethanol (96%) to produce 200 ml allow to stand overnight and pouring off the clear liquid.

Weigh 2 gm of substance, in 200 ml flask and add 25 ml of ethanolic solution of potassium hydroxide and boil under reflux condenser for one hour, rotating the contents frequently. While the solution is still hot, Titrate the excess of alkali with 0.5M hydrochloric acid VS using 1 ml of phenolphthalein solution R1 as indicator.

Repeat the operation without the substance being examined.

28.05
Saponification Value = ————–x V
W
V = Volume difference of potassium hydroxide VS.
W = Weight of substance being examined in grams.
(Limit 310—–360)

Peroxides:

Dissolve 5 gm in 15 ml of chloroform, add 20 ml of glacial acetic acid and 0.5 ml of a saturated solution of potassium iodide, mix well and allow to stand in dark for exactly 1 minute. Add 30 ml of water and titrate with 0.01M sodium thiosulphate VS using starch solution as indicator.

Not more than 0.5 ml of 0.01M sodium thiosulphate VS should be required.
(Limit Maximum 1.0%)

Unsaponifiable matter:

To 5 g of the substance being examined in a 250-ml flask add 25 ml of 0.5M ethanolic potassium hydroxide and boil under a reflux condenser in a water-bath for 1 hour, swirling the contents frequently. Wash the contents of the flask into a separating funnel with the aid of 50 ml of water and, while the liquid is still slightly warm, extract by shaking vigorously with three 50-ml quantities of peroxide-free ether , rinsing the flask with the first quantity of ether. Mix the ether solutions in a separating funnel containing 20 ml of water . (If the ether solutions contain solid suspended matter, filter them into the separating funnel through a fat-free filter paper and wash the filter paper with peroxide-free ether .) Gently rotate the separating funnel for a few minutes without violent shaking, allow the liquids to separate and discard the aqueous layer. Wash the ether solution by shaking vigorously with two 20-ml quantities of water and then treat with three 20-ml quantities of 0.5M potassium hydroxide, shaking vigorously on each occasion, each treatment being followed by washing with 20 ml of water . Finally wash with successive 20-ml quantities of water until the aqueous layer is no longer alkaline to phenolphthalein solution R1. Transfer the ether extract to a weighed flask, rinsing the separating funnel with peroxide-free ether , distil the ether and add 3 ml of acetone to the flask. With the aid of a gentle current of air, remove the solvent completely from the flask, which is almost entirely immersed in boiling water and preferably held obliquely and rotated. Dry to constant weight at a temperature not exceeding 80° and dissolve the contents of the flask in 10 ml of freshly boiled ethanol (96%), previously neutralised to phenolphthalein solution R1. Titrate with 0.1M ethanolic sodium hydroxide VS using phenolphthalein solution R1 as indicator.

If the volume of 0.1M ethanolic sodium hydroxide VS required does not exceed 0.1 ml, the amount of residue weighed is to be taken as the unsaponifiable matter. Calculate the unsaponifiable matter as a percentage of the substance being examined.

If the volume of 0.1M ethanolic sodium hydroxide VS required exceeds 0.1 ml, the amount of residue weighed cannot be taken as the unsaponifiable matter and the test must be repeated.

Limit: Not more than 1.0 per cent, determined on 5.0 g.

Alkaline impurity in fatty oils:

Mix 10 ml of recently distilled acetone and 0.3 ml of water in a test tube, add 0.05 ml of a 0.04% w/v solution of bromophenol blue in ethanol (96%) and neutralise the solution, if necessary, with 0.01M hydrochloric acid or 0.01M sodium hydroxide. Add 10 ml of the oil, shake and allow to stand. Not more than 0.1 ml of 0.01M hydrochloric acid VS is required to change the colour of the upper layer to yellow.

Quality Record(s)/Form(s):

The following Quality Records shall be generated and managed in accordance with the Procedure for Control of Company Quality Records.

 

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